Security | Threat Detection | Cyberattacks | DevSecOps | Compliance

For more than three decades, cybersecurity innovation and investment have followed a familiar rhythm. Each major wave—network security, endpoint security, identity, cloud, and data—spawned new platform winners and reshaped the M&A landscape. Today, we stand at the threshold of the next foundational shift. The digital and physical worlds have converged to such an extent that machines—not humans—are the primary operators of enterprise networks.

By 2026, the idea of a fixed security perimeter is no longer realistic. Organisations now operate across cloud platforms, industrial environments, remote sites, and edge locations, often supported by tens or hundreds of thousands of connected devices. These devices are not users in the traditional sense, yet they authenticate, communicate, update, and make decisions autonomously.

When UNECE WP.29 came into force, it transformed the global automotive industry. For the first time, cybersecurity became a mandatory requirement for modern vehicles — not a marketing feature, not a technical add-on, but a regulated obligation. WP.29 forced manufacturers to rethink how vehicles were designed, updated and secured, requiring formal Cybersecurity Management Systems (CSMS) and Software Update Management Systems (SUMS) across the entire vehicle lifecycle.

The automotive industry is undergoing a profound transformation. With vehicles now functioning as software-defined, connected platforms, manufacturers face unprecedented security challenges. From over-the-air (OTA) updates and telematics to ADAS, battery systems and mobility services, every vehicle today relies on digital identities and cryptographic trust. Historically, OEMs have relied heavily on Tier 1 suppliers to manage keys, certificates and firmware signing processes.

Automotive programs are moving faster than many engineering teams planned for. Regulatory pressure — from UN R155/R156 (WP.29) and ISO/SAE 21434 to the forthcoming EU Cyber Resilience Act — is reshaping expectations for how identity, signing, and software integrity are managed across the entire ECU and OTA lifecycle. At the same time, SERMI is redefining workshop and diagnostic access, introducing strong authentication into processes that were previously loosely governed.

In a world where billions of devices now shape our connected reality, IoT security has evolved from an IT problem to a board-level priority. As the iot ecosystem grows—an interconnected network of devices, systems, and infrastructures—comprehensive iot security solutions have become essential to protect, manage, and scale these environments. Yet despite the growing awareness, one challenge remains stubbornly persistent — the management and protection of unmanaged devices.

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand across industries, risk management has become one of the most pressing challenges for security and compliance leaders. The convergence of AI and IoT (ai iot) is accelerating this transformation, introducing new opportunities but also creating a more complex risk landscape that requires advanced approaches to risk management.

In 2025, machine identities outnumber human identities by a factor of 40 to 1. Every connected sensor, gateway, vehicle, and robot depends on a digital credential to prove its authenticity and secure its data. These digital credentials serve as unique identifiers for devices, enabling secure communications and access control.

The automotive industry is undergoing a historic transformation. As vehicles become increasingly connected, autonomous, and software-defined—including the rise of connected cars, autonomous vehicles, and advanced driver assistance systems—cybersecurity has shifted from a technical afterthought to a regulatory requirement. At the heart of this transformation lies UN Regulation No.

For years, cybersecurity strategies relied on the idea of a trusted perimeter — a secure boundary around corporate networks. However, traditional perimeter security, while once effective, is increasingly limited in dynamic IoT environments where devices operate outside fixed boundaries. In 2025, that concept is obsolete.