Security | Threat Detection | Cyberattacks | DevSecOps | Compliance

Welcome to the Threat Context Monthly blog series where we provide a comprehensive roundup of the most relevant cybersecurity news and threat information from KrakenLabs, Outpost24’s cyber threat intelligence team. Here’s what you need to know from April about EncryptHub, EncryptRAT, and the Media Land leak.

Authentication is used by most web applications. Both for letting users have access to individual accounts, but also for protecting certain resources from the public. Basic authentication allows an individual to prove to the application that they are the user that is trying to access it. Unfortunately, authentication vulnerabilities are often found by pen testers too. While there are many forms of authentication, the most common implementations are that of the username and password.

The concept of responsible disclosure is a simple one. If you find a vulnerability, you let the affected organization or software vendor know before making the information public. This gives them time to patch the vulnerability before it can be exploited. It also helps maintain trust and fosters a collaborative environment between security researchers and companies. As a cybersecurity vendor, do we want our researchers to be credited when they discover vulnerabilities? Of course.

Several years ago, a security researcher discovered a vulnerability in Google Chrome that allowed fake domains to bypass the browser’s security measures. The researcher registered a domain that appeared as “xn--80ak6aa92e.com” but displayed as “apple.com” in the browser, demonstrating how easy it was to deceive users. This is just one example of what’s known as a homograph attack, or sometimes a ‘look-a-like domain’.

This is the second part of Outpost24’s KrakenLabs investigation into EncryptHub, an up-and-coming cybercriminal who has been gaining popularity in recent months and is heavily expanding and evolving operations at the time of writing. We’ve already published one article explaining EncryptHub’s campaigns and TPPs, infrastructure, infection methods, and targets.

Outpost24 analysts recently discovered a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in CrushFTP, identified as CVE-2025-31161. The vulnerability has a CVSSv3.1 score of CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H (9.8). We reached out to MITRE for a CVE on 13th March 2025 and were within an agreed 90-day non-disclosure period with CrushFTP. The plan was to give users plenty of time to patch before attackers were alerted to the vulnerability and able to exploit it.